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Chapter 4- LINK-4A
CARRIER AIRCRAFT INERTIAL NAVIGATIONAL  SYSTEM  (CAINS)

Fire Controlman Volume 06-Digital Communications
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Figure  4-1.—The  shipboard  Link-4A  CDS  system. After the aircraft receives the transmitted data, it may respond by transmitting data to the controlling station.  This  is  the  reception  cycle.  The  receiver removes  the  carrier  frequency  and  forms  the  serial data  pulse  train.  The  pulse  train  is  sent  to  the  data terminal set via the switchboard. The data terminal set converts the serial pulse trains into parallel data and sends the data to the CDS computer. In a typical aircraft carrier system, the four distinct modes  of  operation  in  the  Link-4A  system  are intercept   vectoring,   air   traffic   control,   automatic carrier landing system, and precision course direction. Intercept   Vectoring Intercept  vectoring  enables  the  controlling  ship  to guide an aircraft to an intercept point. The two types of data sent to the aircraft during intercept vectoring are  command  data  and  situation  data.  Command  data provides   direct   steering   and   control   information, whereas situation data provides the aircraft with an overall picture of the tactical situation with respect to its  target. This  data  is  used  to  guide  the  aircraft  within striking range of its target at optimum position and altitude  for  an  attack.  The  messages  also  contain instructions  to  the  pilot,  such  as  target  identity,  break engagement, and return to base. Air Traffic Control In the air traffic control mode, Link-4A is used to control the aircraft in the carrier’s traffic pattern. The control  station  transmits  data  to  the  aircraft  to maintain safe flight patterns and assigns priority for landing approach. As each aircraft enters the landing pattern,   it   is   transferred   to   the   automatic   carrier landing system for final approach and landing. Automatic Carrier Landing System The   automatic   carrier   landing   system   selects aircraft in the order of priority from the pattern and enters them into the final approach. During the final approach, a precision radar tracks the aircraft. Correct information pertaining to the approach is transmitted to   the   aircraft’s   autopilot.   When   conditions   are unfavorable  for  a  landing,  the  wave-off  control  is initiated  and  the  aircraft  is  guided  through  a  short pattern and the landing approach is repeated. Precision Course Direction The precision course direction mode is used in the remote   guidance   of   bomber   and   reconnaissance aircraft, and drones. The guidance messages contain pitch, bank, heading, altitude, and airspeed commands to permit very precise control of the aircraft’s flight path. 4-2






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