Figure 10-32.—Two-stage flash-type evaporator.seawater is pumped overboard. Some flash-typedistilling plants have as many as five flash chambersthrough which the seawater passes before being pumpedoverboard. The vapor is condensed and routed to theship’s freshwater tanks.Distilling plants range in capacity from 2,000 to100,000 gpd. The size depends on shipboard needs andspace available. Some ships have only one distillingunit, while others have two or more.PURIFIERSWhen you operate and maintain a purifier, youshould refer to the detailed instructions that come witheach purifier. These manufacturers’ technical manualscontain information on the construction, operation, andmaintenance of the specific purifier. You need to followthese instructions carefully. This section of theTRAMAN contains a discussion and generalinformation on the methods of purification and theprinciples of operation of centrifugal purifiers.Centrifugal purifiers are used to purify both lube oil andfuel. However, we will discuss lube oil only since theprinciples are the same for both.A purifier may remove both water and sediment, orit may remove sediment only. When water is involvedin the purification process, the purifier is usually calleda SEPARATOR. When the principal contaminant is dirtor sediment, the purifier is used as a CLARIFIER.Purifiers are generally used as separators for thepurification of fuel. When used for purification of a lubeoil, a purifier may be used as either a separator or aclarifier. Whether a purifier is used as a separator or aclarifier depends on the water content of the oil that isbeing purified.The following general information will help youunderstand the purification process, the purposes andprinciples of purifier operation, and the basic types ofcentrifugal purifiers used by the Navy.10-35
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