7-10. Each dynamic RAM cell consists of which of the following devices? 1. 2 . 3 . 4 . One MOS transistor only One tiny capacitor only One MOS transistor and one tiny capacitor only Many MOS transistors and several tiny capacitors 7-11. DRAM cells do not retain their charged state for 7-12. 7-13. 7-14. more than a few milliseconds. This degradation is due to which of the following factors? 1. Time only 2. Temperature only 3.  Time  and  temperature 4.  Temperature  and  power To retain their charged state, DRAMs must be refreshed. Of the following methods, which one is (a) more cost effective because it uses what (b) device? 1.   (a) (b) 2.   (a) (b) 3.   (a) (b) 4.   (a) (b) Internal Battery backup Internal Single refresh address generator External Battery backup External Single refresh address generator In DRAM organization, the data input and data output lines may be tied together in what type of application, if any? 1. 2. 3. One that uses a unidirectional data bus One that uses a bidirectional data bus None, they are never tied together Compared to a SRAM, a DRAM has all except which of the following advantages? 1. It retains its charged state 2. It has lower power consumption 3. It has higher density 4. It is less complex 44 7-15. 7-16. Programs stored on ROM are often referred to as firmware for which of the following reasons? 1. They are software only 2. They are hardware only 3. They are more hardware than software 4. They write data into the ROM address Compared to RAM, ROM has all of the same operational characteristics except which of the following? 1.  Allows  random  access 2.  Uses  a  row/column  arrangement 3. Can be read by normal computer accessing methods 4. Can be written to by normal computer accessing   methods 7-17. ROM has what primary use? 1. 2. 3. 4. Stores data addresses for recovery purposes Allows the computer to perform I/O operations Provides a user interface through a panel Stores the content of the computer registers for interrupt processing — 7-18. The acronym BIOS stands for what term? 1.  Basic  input/output  system 2.  Bipolar  input/output  status 3.  Binary  input/output  status 4.  Bidirectional  input/output  system 7-19. The acronym NDRO stands for what term? 1. 2. 3. 4. Non-destructive  readover Non-destructive  readout Non-dynamic  readover Non-dynamic  readout IN ANSWERING QUESTION 7-20, REFER TO FIGURE 6-35 ON PAGE 6-28 OF THE TRAMAN.