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Example  schematics  of  bipolar  ICs
DIGITAL IC CONVENTION

Fire Controlman Volume 03-Digital Data Systems
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Large-scale integration (LSI)—ICs with more than 100 gates. Very  large-scale  integration  (VLSI)—ICs  with more than 1000 gates. IC FAMILIES The types of IC families are identified by the dif- ferent ways in which the elements are connected and by the types of elements used (diodes, resistors, transistors, and the like). The two families of ICs in widespread use today are bipolar and metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS). They can be used in both digital and linear ICs. They can also be combined on the same IC chip to obtain the advantages  from  each  technology.  ICs  that  combine  the technology of bipolar and MOS are referred to as Bipolar MOS (BIMOS). Refer to the glossary for a brief de- scription of bipolar, MOS, and BIMOS if you need to. IC CATEGORIES To perform their functions, digital computers use two  broad  categories  of  ICs—digital  and  linear.  Digital ICs contain switching-type circuitry.  Linear ICs con- tain  amplifying-type  circuitry.  You  can  say  that  the computer uses digital ICs to perform the decision- making functions internally and linear ICs to perform the regulating and sensing functions internally and externally. The digital and linear ICs rely on and work with each other. Most ICs contained in a computer are digital; hence, the computer is referred to as being digital. The larger building blocks of the computer will use these smaller building blocks that digital and linear ICs provide to perform the functions of the computer. TOPIC 4—DIGITAL IC’S Digital ICs handle digital information by means of switching circuits. They can also be used to control and regulate power for working devices such as a power supply.  Digital  ICs  are  used  to  process  and  store information in computers. DIGITAL IC FAMILY TYPES Digital  IC  family  types  include  bipolar  and metal-oxide semiconductors. Bipolar ICs Digital bipolar ICs include: DTL (Diode-Transistor-Logic) TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic), the most widely  used  packaged  IC.  Variations  of  TTL include   TTL-H   (high-speed   TTL),   TTL-S (TTL-Schottky), and LP TTL-S (low-power TTL-S) ECL (emitter coupled logic), also called CML (current mode logic) IIL or I2L (Integrated injection logic) Advanced Schottky (AS) Advanced Low-Power Schottky (ALS) See figure 4-4 for example schematics of bipolar ICs. Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor  (MOS)  ICs Digital MOS ICs include: CMOS  (Complementary  metal-oxide  semi- conductor) NMOS (N-channel MOS) PMOS (P-channel MOS) CD (CMOS Digital) TTLC  (Bipolar  TTL  series  in  CMOS  tech- nology) QMOS (Quick MOS) HCMOS  (High-Speed  CMOS) See figure 4-5 for example schematics of MOS ICs. Figure  4-5.—Example  schematics  of  MOS  ICs. 4-7






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